Which symptoms are included in hyperarousal?

• A. Overreacting, vigilance, being easily startled, sudden fearfulness or anger
• B. Forgetting the traumatic event
• C. Sleep disturbances and irritability
• D. Improved concentration

Answer: (A)

Hyperarousal is the heightened state of alert that persists after trauma, with the body ready to respond to threats. The statement that lists overreacting, vigilance, being easily startled, and sudden fearfulness or anger captures multiple core signs of this state: exaggerated emotional reactions, constant scanning for danger, an amplified startle response, and rapid shifts to fear or anger. These features reflect the brain staying on high alert, which is exactly what hyperarousal describes. Forgetting the traumatic event points to avoidance or dissociation, not arousal. Sleep disturbances and irritability are also part of hyperarousal, but this set focuses on a broader range of hyperactive responses. Improved concentration would not fit hyperarousal, as concentration problems are common with it.